Study of Lipid Profile in Non Diabetic Stroke in Young

Stroke is an abrupt onset of a neurological deficit that is attributable to a focal vascular cause. It is encountered quite frequently in clinical practice. The role of circulating lipids and lipoproteins in the pathogenesis of young stroke remains uncertain even after decades of research. Diabetes is an important cause for dyslipidaemia. In this present study an attempt is made to evaluate the association between serum lipids and young non diabetic stroke patients. This study was conducted on 30 patients of young nondiabetic stroke patients. Our study included 25 patients of Ischemic stroke, 5 patients of Hemorrhagic stroke and 30 age and sex matched healthy controls. Duration of study was from September 2010 to October 2013. Patients with cerebrovascular diseases associated with diabetes, head injury, pregnancy, puerperium, infections, hepatic encephalopathy, uraemic encephalopathy, nephrotic syndrome and patients on lipid lowering drugs were excluded. Venous blood was collected for the estimation of serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C, HDL-C, VLDL-C by standard methods. Most common age group in our study was 37-45 years comprising 53.33% of cases. Males (76.7%) were more than females (23.3%) 63.41% of patients had elevated total cholesterol (mean 210.33 + 71.61). 70% had elevated triglycerides (mean 184.93 + 74.49), High LDL-C value (mean 131.78 + 61.49) was seen in 46.7% of cases. The HDL-C levels (mean 44.71 + 17.43) was seen in 43.3% of cases, High VLDL-C value (mean 33.94+ 15.18) was seen in 56.7% of cases. The levels of total cholesterol, Triglycerides, LDL-C, TC/HDLC, LDL-C/ HDL-C in cases were significantly raised when compared to control group (p<0.001). The levels of VLDL-C was significantly raised when compared to controls (p<0.004). The levels of HDL-C was not significantly decreased in cases when compared to control group (p<0.853). Dyslipidaemia was seen in 70% of cases. Dyslipidaemia was the first major risk factor followed by smoking (26.7%) and hypertension (23.3%). Among stroke patients smokers had significantly lower HDL-C (mean 41.23 + 15.27) and higher TC/HDL-C (mean 6.05 + 4.34) levels when compared to non smokers. Alcoholics had significantly higher HDL-C (mean 46.87 + 0.19) & lower TC/HDL-C (mean 5.01 + 3.87) levels than non alcoholics (P<0.01).Total cholesterol, Triglycerides, LDL-C, VLDL-C, TC/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C were significantly raised in young stroke patients when compared to controls and had a positive correlation with the risk of stroke. Dyslipidaemia is one of the major risk factor in young non diabetic stroke patients. Thus early identification of dyslipidaemia and treatment can reduce the risk of stroke in young adults.